Note also that most of the loess-like loam deposits appear to date to the earlier part of the given time range. Note each layer’s age range represents the period within which each assemblage probably falls, rather than expressing the duration of occupation(s). ( Reference Pryor, Beresford-Jones, Dudin, Ikonnikova, Hoffecker and Gamble2020). ( Reference Dinnis, Bessudnov, Reynolds, Douka, Dudin, Khlopachev, Sablin, Sinitsyn and Higham2018, Reference Dinnis, Bessudnov, Reynolds, Devièse, Pate, Sablin, Sinitsyn and Higham2019a, this paper) and Pryor et al. ( Reference Reynolds, Lisitsyn, Sablin, Barton and Higham2015, Reference Reynolds, Dinnis, Bessudnov, Devièse and Higham2017), Douka and Higham ( Reference Douka and Higham2017), Dinnis et al. ( Reference Sinitsyn, Praslov, Svezhentsev, Sulerzhitskiy and Sinitsyn1997), Sinitsyn and Hoffecker ( Reference Sinitsyn and Hoffecker2006), Reynolds et al. ( Reference Damblon, Haesaerts and van der Plicht1996), Sinitsyn et al. Layers’ radiocarbon chronologies are based on Damblon et al. The blue bars show the relative chronological positions within this sequence of selected layers from different Kostenki sites: namely recently/well-dated assemblages and others mentioned in this paper. This provides an important insight into the tempo of Upper Paleolithic cultural change.įigure 2 Idealized schematic column of the Kostenki region’s geological sequence, showing the major Late Pleistocene/Holocene geological units. Overall, this and other recent publications support the view that many Kostenki assemblages are chronologically distinct. Our younger results of ∼22.5–21 ka BP for different material from Layer III of Kostenki 21 are similarly consistent with a short chronological window for Kostenki’s KAC sites. These results accord with recently obtained dates for Kostenki’s other KAC sites. Our results of ∼23.5–23 ka BP from different areas of the site are consistent with the layer’s accumulation over a short period. New dates for the Kostenki-Avdeevo Culture (KAC) Layer I of Kostenki 1 address the longstanding question of its chronology. These results help to confirm that the site is unrelated to Aurignacian assemblages. Dates of ∼27.5–27 ka BP for Kostenki 15 suggest that its archaeological layer accumulated over a short period. Here we present new radiocarbon dates for three Kostenki sites. The Kostenki-Borshchevo site complex (Voronezh region, Russia) serves as the foundation of Eastern Europe’s Upper Paleolithic chronocultural framework.
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